This page covers contributing code to the main Chromium repository. It assumes you already have a working
checkout and build. A full checkout pulls many other repositories such as v8 and Skia which have their own repositories and processes. Chromium it itself pulled into
ChromiumOS which has its own process.
Related resources
Communicate
- Whether you're writing a new feature or fixing an existing bug, it pays to get a second opinion before you get too far. If it's a new feature idea, post to the appropriate discussion group (Chromium | Chromium OS) and propose it. If it is in the existing code base, it is a good idea to talk to some of the folks in the "OWNERS" file (see code review policies for more) for the code you want to change.
- Behavior changes and anything nontrivial (i.e. anything other than simple cleanups and style fixes) should generally be tracked in the bug system. Please file a bug and describe what you're doing if there isn't one already.
- Keep in mind that just because there is a bug in the bug system doesn't necessarily mean that a patch would be accepted.
Legal stuff
Create a local branch
Start with a branch in git. Here we create a branch called mychange (use whatever name you want here) based off of the origin/master branch (the upstream repository):
git checkout -b mychange -t origin/master
Write and test your code.
- Conform to the style guidelines.
- Include appropriate unit tests.
- Patches should be a reasonable size to review. Giant patches are unlikely to get reviewed quickly.
Commit your patch locally in git (you may want to do search for git tutorials if you are unfamiliar with it).
git commit -a
Uploading a change for review
Initial git setup
Tell git about your name, email and some other settings.
git config --global user.name "My Name"
git config --global user.email "myemail@chromium.org"
git config --global core.autocrlf false
git config --global core.filemode false
git config --global branch.autosetuprebase always
git config --global branch.autosetupmerge always
git config --local gerrit.host true
The upload command
We use the Gerrit code review tool running at chromium-review.googlesource.com. To upload your change to Gerrit, use the git-cl tool that came with depot_tools when you checked the code out.
git cl upload
This will create a Gerrit change for you. You will be prompted for a description, and some presubmit checks will also be run to identify common errors. When it is done it will print the URL you can use to see the change on the web.
You can use command line options to specify the reviewers that you want on the CL, and the bugs that will be fixed by the change:
git cl upload -r foo@example.com,bar@example.com -b 123456
Code quality guidelines
We want this code to be the best codebase you've ever worked on, and the maintainability of the code is critical:
- Follow the Core Principles.
- Make sure your code is readable.
- Don't hesitate to refactor code where it makes it less platform-specific or it improves the design.
- Don't take shortcuts; development is more like a marathon than a sprint.
- And leave the code cleaner than you found it.
Writing commit descriptions
Use the following form:
Summary of change
Longer description of change addressing as appropriate: why the change is made,
context if it is part of many changes, description of previous behavior and
newly introduced differences, etc.
Long lines should be wrapped to 80 columns for easier log message viewing in
terminals.
Bug: 123456
A short subject and a blank line after the subject are crucial. Use the bug number from the issue tracker (see more on bug formatting). If you include links to previous CLs then consider using crrev.com/c/NUMBER format rather than https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/NUMBER format. The crrev.com format is shorter, and avoids confusion when the CL is submitted. The submitted CL will have a link to its code review page and using crrev.com for referenced CLs avoids clicking on the wrong one.
Some good thoughts on how to write good git commit messages can be found here.
If there are instructions for testers to verify your change is correct, append:
Test: Load example.com/page.html and click the foo-button; see
crbug.com/123456 for more details.
Code review
Code reviews are covered in more detail on the code review policies page.
Finding a reviewer
Ideally the reviewer is someone who is familiar with the area of code you are touching. If you have doubts, look at the git blame for the file and the OWNERS files.
- Anybody can review code, but there must be at least one owner for each directory you are touching.
- If you have multiple reviewers, make it clear in the message you send requesting review what you expect from each reviewer. Otherwise people might assume their input is not required or waste time with redundant reviews.
- The
git cl owners command can help find owners.
Requesting review
Open the change on the web (if you can't find the link, run git cl issue to see the issue for your current branch, or go to the Web UI chromium-review.googlesource.com, log in, and look at "Outgoing Reviews").
Reviewers expect to review code that compiles and passes tests. If you have access, now is a good time to run your change through the automated tests (see below).
Click Add Reviewers in the upper-left (if you don't see this link, make sure you are logged in). In the Reviewers field, enter a comma-separated list of the reviewers you picked.
In the same dialog, type the initial message to your reviewers and click Send. This will send email to notify the reviewers you are requesting a review. If you have any particular questions or instructions for the code review, enter them in the Message box, but it's fine to leave this field empty.
The review process
All changes must be reviewed, see: Code Review Policy.
To upload new patch sets, simply commit more changes to your local branch and run git cl upload again.
Approval
When the reviewer is happy with your patch, they will set the "Code-Review +1" label.
You need approval from owners of all affected files before committing, see Code Review Policy: Owners section.
Running automated tests
Before being submitted, a change must pass a large series of compilations and tests across many platforms. To trigger this process, press the CQ dry run (CQ = "Commit Queue") in the upper right corner of the code review tool. This is equivalent to setting the "Commit-Queue +1" label. This label is available to everyone, but the CQ may choose not to run the tests if it thinks the code isn't safe. To be regarded as safe:
- If you have an @chromium.org email address, request try job access for yourself.
- If you've made a few patches you can request a reviewer to nominate you for try job access.
- Otherwise, write in the code review request message that this is your first patch and request try jobs be run for you.
Committing
Changes should generally be committed via the commit queue. This is done by clicking the Submit to CQ button in the upper right corner, or setting the "Commit-Queue +2" label on the change. The commit queue will then send your patch to the try bots, which will eventually appear as colored bubbles near the checkbox in the code review tool (the same thing that happens for dry runs). If all tests pass, your change will be auto committed. If it fails, click on the red (failure) bubbles for a direct link to the failures. Sometimes a test might be flaky, if you have an isolated failure that appears unrelated to your change, wait a while and click commit again.
Alternatively, it is possible to directly commit your change, bypassing the commit queue. This should only be used in emergencies because it will bypass the tests.
Tips
During the lifetime of a review you may want to rebase your change onto a newer source revision to minimize eventual merge pain. The reviewer-friendly way to do this is to upload the rebase as its own patchset (with no changes other than the rebase) when there are no outstanding comments. Then upload another patch with your changes. This way the reviewer can see what changes you made independent of the rebase.
Code authors and reviewers should keep in mind that Chromium is a global project: contributors and reviewers are often in time zones far apart. Please read these guidelines on minimizing review lag and take them in consideration both when writing reviews and responding to review feedback.
