Google's Native Client engineering team has published the following papers about Native Client technology:

• Native Client: A Sandbox for Portable, Untrusted x86 Native Code, Appeared in the 2009 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (http://oakland09.cs.virginia.edu), May 2009
• Adapting Software Fault Isolation to Contemporary CPU Architectures. Appeared in the 19th USENIX Security Symposium (http://www.usenix.org/events/sec10/index.html), August 2010; originally posted February 2010, revised June 2010
• PNaCl: Portable Native Client Executables, white paper, February 2010
• Language-Independent Sandboxing of Just-In-Time Compilation and Self-Modifying Code, To appear in the 2011 Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation (http://pldi11.cs.utah.edu).